Ultrastructure of human sperm acrosome reaction steps, animated from a sequence of images taken with a scanning electron microscope. only the acrosome the. For assessing human sperm ar, three kinds of methods are used, including transmission electron microscopy (tem), dyes for bright field microscopy (dbm), fluorescent labels . for the tem, it is usually the god standard against which a new assay is measured and it cannot be routinely used owing to labor consuming and lack of sperm viability assay.
A to d are transmission electron microscope (tem) images illustrating different stages of the acrosome reaction (bars = 500 nm): a = intact (unreacted) spermatozoon; b = spermatozoon with a swollen acrosome; c = spermatozoon with a vesiculated acrosome; and d = spermatozoon that has completed the acrosome reaction. note that the equatorial. A sperm population that has undergone the ar usually contains cells at different stages of ar: some cells have released only a part of their acrosomal contents (defined as partial ar), others have fully released their acrosomal contents and their inner acrosomal membrane has become exposed (defined as complete ar) (stock and fraser, 1987; köhn. Figure 1. (a) scheme of sperm preparation for scanning electron microscopy (sem) examination–conventional and improved protocols.(b) sem pictures of a mouse sperm mid piece with different fixation: glutaraldehyde and tannic acid [(b1) microvesicles are indicated with white arrows]; glutaraldehyde then post fixation with osmium tetroxide [(b2) plasma membrane damage is indicated with black. The acrosome reaction is an important marker for human sperm function. since different laboratory techniques may be used for the detection of this exocytotic process, the purpose of the present study was to compare three common markers [pisum sativum agglutinin (psa), concanavalin a (cona), double staining] and transmission electron microscopy.
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