1. introduction. the discovery of the elements and the construction of the periodic table was a triumph for science in the nineteenth century. a triumph of the twentieth century was the demonstration that the universe provides the crucibles for element origins: in the big bang, in the hearts of stars, in stellar explosions, and in subsequent interactions between the particles they accelerate. The elements expelled into space after the death of a star eventually find their way to new star forming regions, where young stars are beginning their journey. due to gravity, some of the dead star stuff becomes a part of the next generation of stars. after those stars die, the matter is again returned to the cosmos.
This comprehensive volume reviews current understanding of the origin and evolution of elements, from stellar nucleosynthesis to the chemical evolution of the cosmos. with chapters by leading authorities in the field, it describes models of how the elements are produced by stars, the nuclear processes involved, and how the quantity of elements. The chemical elements that make up the matter we observe throughout the universe were created in these reactions. approximately 15 billion years ago the universe began as an extremely hot and dense region of radiant energy, the big bang. immediately after its formation, it began to expand and cool. the radiant energy produced quark antiquarks. Heavier elements can only be made by a process that involves multiple neutron capture events, which can occur only during the explosion of a supernova. 6.6: the origin of the elements cc by nc sa 4.0. the relative abundances of the elements in the known universe vary by more than 12 orders of magnitude. 2020 august 9. the origin of elements. image credit & license: data: explanation: the hydrogen in your body, present in every molecule of water, came from the big bang. there are no other appreciable sources of hydrogen in the universe. the carbon in your body was made by nuclear fusion in the interior of stars, as was the oxygen.
Heavier elements can only be made by a process that involves multiple neutron capture events, which can occur only during the explosion of a supernova. 6.6: the origin of the elements cc by nc sa 4.0. the relative abundances of the elements in the known universe vary by more than 12 orders of magnitude. 2020 august 9. the origin of elements. image credit & license: data: explanation: the hydrogen in your body, present in every molecule of water, came from the big bang. there are no other appreciable sources of hydrogen in the universe. the carbon in your body was made by nuclear fusion in the interior of stars, as was the oxygen. What is the origin of the oxygen we breathe, the hydrogen and oxygen (in form of water h2o) in rivers and oceans, the carbon in all organic compounds, the silicon in electronic hardware, the calcium in our bones, the iron in steel, silver and gold in jewels, the rare earths utilized, e.g. in magnets or lasers, lead or lithium in batteries, and also of naturally occurring uranium and plutonium. While the theory that neutron star mergers produce elements through neutron capture has powerful circumstantial evidence, we are unconvinced that they produce all of the elements past nickel. also in dispute is the exact mechanism or mechanisms that cause the white dwarfs to explode.
What is the origin of the oxygen we breathe, the hydrogen and oxygen (in form of water h2o) in rivers and oceans, the carbon in all organic compounds, the silicon in electronic hardware, the calcium in our bones, the iron in steel, silver and gold in jewels, the rare earths utilized, e.g. in magnets or lasers, lead or lithium in batteries, and also of naturally occurring uranium and plutonium. While the theory that neutron star mergers produce elements through neutron capture has powerful circumstantial evidence, we are unconvinced that they produce all of the elements past nickel. also in dispute is the exact mechanism or mechanisms that cause the white dwarfs to explode.
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